Program

14th NOVEMBER 2018

Opening of the conference with an honoree´s introductory lecture on the topic
Slovak Croatians – the roots and today
[ abstrakt ]

The paper deals with the causes of origin of the Croatian minority in the territory of present-day Slovakia. The aforementioned causes can generally be classified as external, whose primary factor was Osmani, and the internal ones, where the settlement of Slovak territory became a necessity after the decimation of the domestic population due to plague epidemics, or the plundering by mercenary troops. An important historical person standing behind the initiation of colonization by the Croatians was the Palatine Báthory which brought the population from the Balkan to Devínska Nová Ves in the years 1540 - 1550. Nevertheless, the Croatian population did not always have the ideal conditions for their life in a new environment, as evidenced by the secret instruction of King Maximilian I. of 1573 against the settlement of the Croatians. A very interesting source for the study of the history of the Croatians in the southwest of Slovakia is the land register of Dominium of Červený Kameň until 1600.
Based on the sources and geographical names, the exact location of the Balkan origin of the Croatians can also be identified. An example is Šenkvice, where they came from Sisak in the 1880s. A stream of the same name flows through the village. Likewise, similar names referring to Balkan origin can be found in Devínska Nová Ves.
A research of Croatians on the territory of Slovakia was greatly attributed to Václav Vážny, Anton Václavík, Alexander Húščava, Kveta Kučerová and Jan Botík.
At present, the Croatian minority in Slovakia keeps its traditions and identity. Since 1989, the Croatian Culture Festival has been held annually. In 1990 in Jarovce, Čuňov, Devínska Nová Ves and Croatian Grobe Croatian societies, which are part of the Croatian Cultural Union, came into existence.

Prof. Dr. habil. László Szögi (MTA-ELTE History of Universities Research Group)
The nationality diversity of the north-Hungarian state and Catholic higher education institutions and the cooperation and conflicts of the nationalities between 1777-1850
[ abstract ]

The presentation aims to provide information and conclusions on students of the state and catholic higher educational institutes according to their ethnical, social, and religious stratification from 1777 to 1850. These institutes were functioned in the current territory of the Slovak Republic. The MTA-ELTE History of Universities Research Group which was founded in 2013 by the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and the Eötvös Lóránd University are working on a database about students of the former Hungarian Kingdom’s higher educational institutes. According to this Research Group’s results I will present recent information about students of the Law Academies (Bratislava/Pozsony, Košice /Kassa), Archbishopric and Bishopric Seminaries and Lyceums (Trnava/Nagyszombat, Rožňava /Rozsnyó) and the Mining and Forestry Academy of Banská Štiavnica/Selmecbánya. We have already gathered every available historical record on the General Seminary of Bratislava but the creation of its database is still under development. My presentation will include the bishopric seminaries students of Nitra/Nyitra, Banská Bystrica/Besztercebánya and Spiš/Szepes.

Alex Durovics (MTA-ELTE History of Universities Research Group)
Nationalities in the Lutheran Lyceums in the first half of the XIX. century
[ abstract ]

The MTA-ELTE History of Universities Research Group has gathered many valuable data on students of the Lutheran Lyceums in the former Kingdom of Hungary. From this grand project my presentation will focus upon only the territory of the Slovak Republic. Nowadays we have complete database on higher education students of many institutions, for example, in the case of the college of Eperjes/Presov, and the Lyceums of Késmárk/Kežmarok, Lőcse/Levoča, Pozsony/Bratislava and Selmecbánya/Banská Štiavnica. Using these already processed information I would briefly summarize everything we know about the above-mentioned institutions’ ethnic, social, religious stratification and provide notable/memorable stories of their ethnically mixed students’ common life in the first half of the 19. century.

Mgr. Ladislav Jurányi (Centre of Operations of Slovak Academy of Sciences, Central Archive of SAS)
Arnold Stummer Ipolyi
[ abstract ]

The aim of the contribution is to bring to the professional and lay public the personality of the priest, church dignitary, bishop Arnold Stummer Ipolyi and his scientific work in the field of art history, ethnography, archeology, conservation of monuments and museology. He can be regarded as a pioneer in these disciplines. Many of his scientific works are of great importance for the study of history in the territory of present-day Slovakia, especially his research on sacred monuments on the Žitný ostrov and Banská Bystrica.

Mgr. Martin Čičo (Slovak National Gallery)
The Benefits of the Society of Jesus to the Cultural Exchange in our Territory in the Early Modern Age
[ abstract ]

The cultural and artistic contribution of the Society of Jesus, the most important modern order of the Catholic Church in Europe, is indisputable. At the beginning of the study of the Baroque period some scholars even coined the term "Jesuit style". How it was caused will help us to reveal the analysis of its functioning, a unique map of the Austrian Jesuit province from the collections of the Slovak National Gallery (Inv. No G 13746) is very useful for its understanding.
It shows the internationality of the church and the religious communities, in some cases the territory of their administrative units exceeded the boundaries of the individual kingdoms.
This was also the case for the Austrian province of the Society of Jesus, which throughout the period of its duration (1563 - 1773) also belonged to the whole of Hungary. Language readiness was decisive for the operation of the priests rotating throughout the province, and it was rare that some would remain monolingual. The mentioned map shows all the locations of the Society in a territory, divided into universities, colleges, residences, or missions, and adds other important data such as the list of provincial-leaders. The data about the distances between the individual sites compiled in the synoptic table are also useful. If we associate it with an excellent organization of the order based on central correspondence-exchange, the result is a well-functioning network of ideas, knowledge and experience that have been the basis for cultural exchange. Many works of "Jesuit´s" architecture and the artistic and craftsmanship of their interiors are the best example, and many of them, and their links to foreign patrons or creators, will be illustrated in the lecture.

Mgr. Zita Perleczká (University Library in Bratislava)
Life and work of Marcin Bylica of Olkusz (1433-1493)
[ abstract ]

The aim of the contribution is to bring the person and scientific work of Marcin Bylica closer together. His astronomical and astrological observation and pedagogical work at the Istropolitan Academy in the service of Matthias Corvinus, King of Hungary are particularly important. Not less interesting and suitable for closer examination are its preserved documents about the appearance of celestial events in 1468 and 1472.

Mgr. Vratislav Zervan, PhD. (Institute for Medieval Research of the Austrian Academy of Sciences)
„Friendship is a very great blessing to men.“ Nicasius Ellebodius and his circle of friend
[ abstract ]

The quotation in the title of the lecture coming from the work Hieron of the Greek philosopher and historian Xenophon was written and inserted in the so-called Album amicorum of Veit Seytz. The native from Cassel in Flanders followed this message all his life. The talented student due to education acquired at the prestigious universities of that time was part of a wider network of humanists. One of his best friends, Giovanni Vincenzo Pinelli, received a part of his extensive literary remains after his death, which later got into the collections of the Biblioteca Ambrosiana Library in Milan. Correspondence and mainly commentaries on important works by ancient authors from these remains, prove that Nicassus Ellebodius was one of the most important personalities, and his res publica litteraria included dozens of prominent humanists. Thanks to the support and patronage of leading church dignitaries such as Cardinal Granvelle, Archbishop of Esztergom, Mikuláš Oláh, and Bishop of Nitra Zachariáš Mošovský, Nicasius Ellebodius continued to study, but also found employment and became personal physician to the provost of the Bratislava chapter, Stefan Radetius. The contribution will be mainly devoted to the period of his stay in the territory of present-day Slovakia.

Mgr. Svorad Zavarský, PhD. (Jan Stanislav Institute of Slavistics of the Slovak Academy of Sciences)
Bratislava’s Poet Antonius Faber: A Neo-Latinist’s Approach to the Ethnic Plurality of Slovakia in the Past
[ abstract ]

The cultural identity of the inhabitants of Slovakia today is doubtless the result of interaction among different ethnicities. However, due to the ascent of nationalism in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries the awareness of this fact has almost fallen into oblivion. And though the historian of literature Andrej Mráz spoke of linguistic plurality in early Slovak literature already in 1948, his concept has not been fullly put into research practice to date. One of the clues to spanning the gap of this discontinuity, which the ups and downs of the last two hundred years have injected into our historical consciousness, can be found in Neo-Latin literature, a medium of cultural expression which all the ethnic groups of Slovakia shared in common over centuries.
The focus of this paper is on Antonius Faber (1772 – after 1856), Professor of Statistics and Mining Law at the Royal Academy in Bratislava and a remarkable Latin poet of the second quarter of the nineteenth century. Faber’s ancestors came from Sardinia, settled down in Brno, Moravia, in the seventeenth century, from where they later moved to Devín near Bratislava. Antonius himself was born in Bratislava, his mother was German (née Kampfengel), and so was his wife. His Latin poetry provides an immensely interesting picture of a world which was then rapidly vanishing owing to the quick progress of Magyarization followed by ethnic polarization in the early nineteenth century. Faber detested any kind of favoring one ethnicity over another, which certainly was one of the reasons why he wrote all of his works, both in verse and prose, exclusively in Latin. His poetry echoes a deep nostalgia for the vanishing glory of Bratislava, which for him was a symbol of “the good old days” of the Hungarian Kingdom.

PhDr. Janka Petőczová, CSc. (Institute of Musicology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences)
German Musician Friedrich Wilhelm Wagner and his Contribution to the Development of Choral Singing in Spiš/Zips in the 19th Century
[ abstract ]

Friedrich Wilhelm Wagner (1815, Heinersdorf – 1887, Leutschau) came to Levoča/Leutschau in 1837 to work as an Evangelical Lutheran cantor and organist after graduating at the Saxon Royal Teacher Seminar in Dresden. He established a new tradition of sacred and secular choral singing in Spiš/Zips. He conducted a Lutheran choir, a children's choir at school, a men's choir – the Leutschauer Männergesangsverein / Lőcsei férfi dalkör (from 1863) and he founded the Zipser Sängerbund (1883). His successor in musical activity was his stepson Karl Ormossy (Ormossy Károly, 1850, Pinkafeld – 1907, Levoča) who came to Spiš/Zips in 1872 from Eisenburg. The family musical tradition was further continued by Friedrich Wilhelm Wagner's two daughters as well as his granddaughter, singer and pianist Anna Schrantz, born Ormossy. A manuscript document, Festliche Gesänge, also known as the "Cantor's Diary" has been preserved in the archive of the Lutheran Church in Levoča/Leutschau. It contains a list of the concert repertoire performed by the choir during Lutheran worship services, conducted by Friedrich Wilhelm Wagner and Karl Ormossy. Ormossy began to compile also the repertoire of secular concerts, Weltliche Gesänge. It is a unique archive source for the history of musical culture in Slovakia, documenting a high level of musical culture and musical education in the Spiš/Zips region, as well as a long tradition of German choral singing in Levoča/Leutschau and its plurilingual specifics (translations of German partsongs into Hungarian).

Mgr. Ján Kovačič (East Slovak Gallery)
JUDr. Josef Polák - a key figure in the cultural history of the First Republic Košice
[ abstract ]

Presented contribution is dedicated to the work of a Czech lawyer of Jewish origin, Dr. Josef Polák in the East Slovak Museum in Košice during the period of the first Czechoslovak Republic. At that time, thanks to this museum director, Košice became the leading cultural and artistic center of the eastern part of the republic, where many artists from neighboring countries concentrated in the 20th century. Intense contact, based on mutual exchange of information (especially through magazines and personal meetings), artists not only inspired but also actively provided a living space for the progressive art of twenties, which later became in art history under the name of Košice modernism. In the thirties, the museum continued its upcoming trend by presenting works of prominent domestic (Czechoslovak) and foreign artists and art associations. In spite of many obstacles Dr. Josef Polak succeeded in starting such an important activity as in the Slovakia no cultural institution developed. The aim of contribution based on acquired skills, archive materials and period press is to get the most compact image about the role of focal person of interwar cultural life in Košice, who was director of East Slovak Museum, Dr. Josef Polák.

PhDr. Peter Mulík, PhD. (Slovak Institute of History, Matica slovenska)
Germans in Slovak history and their contribution to the western orientation of Slovak culture and civilization
[ abstract ]

The contacts of the Moravian and Nitrian Slovens/Slovaks with the West enabled the River Danube. That way the Slovenes and Slovaks are the oldest Christian nations among the Slavs. Since the dawn of the Nitra first Church by the Archbishop Adalram from Salzburg in 828, to the construction of the great Gothic temples in the 14th and 15th centuries. The cultural Orientation of the Slovak territory was determined by the Germans. The Reformation, the early German National Revolution, encouraged (through the German Wittenberg) influented the Slovak national emancipatory movement, which was strengthened during the Recatholicization-period with Slovak Jesuits from the centers in Graz, Vienna and Insbruck.

Doc. PhDr. Jana Skladaná, CSc. (University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius in Trnava, The Faculty of Arts)
Contacts of the Slovak language with other languages in Early Period of time
[ abstract ]

Interlingual contacts, whether direct, or indirect, seems to be a historical inevitability whithin the development of every individual language, or of family of languages that means, genetically related or not related. Language, from its eary origins is continuously developing in uninterrupted mutual contacts. Language is developing simultaneously with development of a society, from this follows, that during their mutual anguage contacts, the great role is playing by political, cultural and other factors. The presented paper analyses contacts of the Slovak with Latin, German, Hungarian, Czech and other languagess in early period of time.

15th NOVEMBER 2018

PhDr. Beata Ricziová – Mgr. Oľga Vaneková, PhD. (Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Foreign Languages)
Paul Ballus and his work
[ abstract ]

Paul Ballus (Modra 1783 – Bratislava 1848) lived his whole life in Bratislava and was a respected member of civil, social, scientific and religious community in the city. P. Ballus was part of German community, which still formed the majority of inhabitants in Bratislava at the beginning of the 18th century. As a member of municipal corporation, he utilised records and statistics of the city in his best-known work Pressburg und seine Umgebungen (1823). In his work Beschreibung der den Obstbäumen in hiesiger Gegend schädlichsten Raupenarten nebst Hindeutungen zu deren allmähligen Vertilgung und Unschädlichmachung (1830) he utilised his natural science studies and interests. One of the documents about his important share in the charity society life in Bratislava is his work Geschichte der Entstehung und Gründung des Waisenhauses in der k. freien Krönungstadt Preßburg (1833).
Based on period documents and archive records, the authors are bringing information on the life and work of P. Ballus, a vital personality living and acting in Bratislava in the 1st half of the 19th century. As a member of non-Slavonic ethnic group, he had an essential share in the progress in various fileds of social life in the city.

Mgr. Milan Šišmiš (Slovak National Library, National Bibliographical Institute)
Indians and Slovak society
[ abstract ]

Europeans’ interest in discovering Indian country and culture was rather active and dates back deep to the times before our era. Indian influence in our milieu was for a long time almost unvisible, because mediated. Mutual connections and cultural transfer began to deepen in the New Ages (during the colonnial period), especially since the 18th century. In this article we would like to describe, how Indians, their personalities and culture, have influenced the life of the Slovak society.

Mgr. Eva Greschová (Slovak Museum of Nature Protection and Speleology)
Rudolf Maximovič and his influence on the development of nature protection in Slovakia after 1918
[ abstract ]

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Mgr. Veronika Bakičová, PhD. – Mgr. Kamila Fircáková (University Library in Bratislava)
Czech and Hungarian Leaders of the Music Cabinet of the University Library in Bratislava
[ abstract ]

The music cabinet of the University Library in Bratislava during years 1945 – 2018 had six leaders: prof. PhDr. Oto Ferenczy, PhDr. Jana Mária Terrayová, Vladimír Dvořák, PhDr. Emese Duka-Zólyomiová, Mgr. Dana Drličková a Mgr. Veronika Bakičová, PhD. Oto Ferenczy (1945 – 1951) and Veronika Bakičová (since 2017) are Slovaks. From 1952 to 1954 led the music cabinet Czech Jana Mária Terrayová, when began systematic work with music documents. Subsequently Czech – Moravian Dvořák was in office sixteen years, Hungarian Emese Duka-Zólyomiová thirtyfour years and Czech Dana Drličková eleven years. This text is concentrating on Dvořák and Duka-Zólyomiová, who built library fund and technical equipment adequate to the biggest and oldest scientific library in Slovakia – the University Library in Bratislava. Concurrently they led methodology of music departments of Slovak public libraries. Their erudition, effort, enthusiasm and significant financial support of state brought the music cabinet of the University Library in Bratislava as well as Slovak musical librarianship to the top level.

PhDr. Gabriela Kiliánová, CSc. (Institute of Ethnology ans Social Anthropology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences)
The German Ethnologists (Volkskundler) in Slovakia during the Second World War: science or ideology?
[ abstract ]

The paper will discuss the activity of German ethnologists (Volkskundler) Franz Beranek and Herta Beranek affiliated to the Karpatendeutsches Institut in Käsmark in the years 1941 – 1945. The couple Beranek focused their research on German folk culture in Slovakia. I will tackle the following questions in my presentation:
1. What were the main phenomena of German folk culture, investigated by Beraneks and why?
2. What were the political and ideological goals of the research oriented towards German folklore in Slovakia?
The activity of German ethnologists will be further discussed in the context of political and ideological situation in Slovakia and Germany during the Second World War. Last but not least I will discuss the case in the context of the relationship among science, politics and ideology, using the concepts and ideas from several publications (Foucault 1972, 1975; Lozoviuk 2004, 2008; Zückert 2016 etc.).

References
Foucault, Michel (1972): Archaeology of Knowledge. New York: Pantheon.
Foucault, Michel (1975): Surveiller et punir. La naissance de la prison. Paris: Éditions Gallimard.
Lozoviuk, Petr (2004): Bruno Schier in der Slowakei. Ein vergessenes Kapitel der Wissenschaftsgeschichte. In: Volkskunde in Sachsen, Vol. 16, pp. 129-154.
Lozoviuk, Petr (2008): Interethnik im wissenschaftlichen Prozess. Deutschsprachige Volkskunde in Böhmen und ihre gesellschaftliche Auswirkungen. Göttingen.
Zückert, Martin (2016): Jenseits der Nation: Überlegungen zu einer Geschichte der Deutschen in der Slowakei. In: Zückert, Martin – Schvarc, Michal – Meier, Jörg eds.: Migration - Zentrum und Peripherie Kulturelle Vielfalt. Neue Zugänge zur Geschichte der Deutschen in der Slowakei. DigiOst – Band 7, Lepzig: BiblionMedia, pp. 13-36.

PhDr. Silvia Némethová (University Library in Bratislava, Archive and registry of ULiB)
Emil Kumlik, director of library the Elisabeth´s University (1914-1918)
[ abstract ]

On the opportunity of jubilee the 150. Years the births Emil Kumlik´s I like in my study present his life and special scientific activity. Emil Kumlik puts the Fundamentals of library the Elisabeth´s University. He published the library order and builds the library fund. He contributed to constitution the Elisabeth´s University too. His study, which he submitted to City council, he devised the University to entitle Elisabeth´s University in honor of Empress Elisabeth of Austria, spouse of Franz Joseph I. of Austria. City council progressed his proposition thought the medium of Royal office instantly to the King in March 1912, who umpired establishment the universities in Pécs, Debrecen, Preßburg, Szeged. Basically of legislative act XXXVI:/1912 universities was founded in Preßburg and Szeged. Emil Kumlik supported with his activity culture life in Preßburg too. He published many scientific works about the history of Preßburg and published many articles in journal of Preßburg, Pest and Vienna. Library fund, he coined, constitutes the library fund´s base of University library in Bratislava today.

Mgr. Zuzana Bartošová, PhD. (Art Research Centre of Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Art History)
Contribution of migrants to the art life of Košice in the 1920s.
[ abstract ]

The paper deals with a contribution of migrating artists to the art life of Košice in the 1920s. I apply the current cartographic interpretation of the defined issue against the traditional, logo-centric one.
The specific situation in Košice came after the fall of the Hungarian Soviet Republic. The artistic life in the city was enriched by avant-garde artists and art critics returning to their hometowns after promising beginnings in Budapest, as well as by artists migrating between Berlin and Bucharest. Due to the multicultural atmosphere they stayed in the city for several years. The works of these artists were largely based on constructivism; after the end of World War I they were influenced by New Objectivity movement. The social engagement of artists such as Alexander Bortnyik (he stayed in Košice for almost two years), Gejza Schiller and others was also reflected in the choice of subjects.
The founding element of diverse personalities and their activities was the director of the East Slovak Museum, Josef Polák, from Prague. He worked in Košice between 1919 and 1938. He mounted exhibitions of local artists as well as the artists temporarily staying in Košice. He also commissioned Eugen Krón, who found refuge in Košice after his forced departure from Budapest, to run art courses at the museum. At the invitation of János Mácza and Ődön Mihályi, the so-called activist evenings hosted by Lajos Kassák were held in the town.
The relatively liberal political atmosphere of interwar Czechoslovakia allowed the migrating artists and intellectuals to pursue their individual artistic programmes in Košice. This fact underlines the importance of tolerance and linguistic and confessional diversity that characterised the genius loci of the city.

Prof. PhDr. Mária Čižmárová (The Faculty of Arts of Prešov University, Institute of Ukrainian Studies and Central European Studies)
Vasyl Petrovych Latta – researcher of the Slovak-Ukrainian language affiliation
[ abstract ]

The study familiarizes the readers with life and research works by Vasyl Latta, a Slavic dialectologist, an ethnographer and a university pedagogue, born in Pcholine in eastern Slovakia. He studied Russian language at the Faculty of Arts of the Slovak University in Bratislava, then at the Faculty of Philology at the State University of A. Zhdanov in Leningrad. After graduating, he worked at several schools in eastern Slovakia. He lectured at the Department of Russian Language and Literature at the Faculty of Arts of Pavol Jozef Shafarik´s University in Preshov and the Faculty of Arts of Comenius University in Bratislava (1954 - 1965). The centre of his scientific interest was the Ukrainian Ruthenian dialects of eastern Slovakia, which he recognized well, he had been recording them directly in the field, according to a specially prepared questionnaire.
He collected narrative material from 270 villages with the Ukrainian (Ruthenian) population of eastern Slovakia and intended to issue two volumes of the Ukrainian dialect atlas. Vasyl Latta´s daring plans did not succeed because in 1965, as a forty-four year old, he died unexpectedly. In his research, the linguist applied the method of linguistic geography, elaborated his own way of interpreting narrative material with the use of historical, ethnographic and other data. From 1954 until the end of his short life, he worked intensively on the linguistic atlas of the Ukrainian dialects of eastern Slovakia. Huge manuscript material has been waiting for publication for more than 20 years in the funds of the Slovak Academy of Sciences in Bratislava.